![]() In 1953, with the move from the Fireball straight-eight to the more compact Fireball V8 engine, the Roadmaster and Super four-door Riviera sedans became the same length. The 1951–52 Buick Super four-door Riviera sedan is still 0.75 inches (19 mm) shorter in wheelbase and length than the regular Buick Roadmaster and 4.75 inches (121 mm) shorter than the Roadmaster four-door Riviera sedan. The 1951–53 Buick Roadmaster and Super four-door Riviera sedans feature more standard features, more plush interior trim, and a wheelbase (and overall length) that is 4.0 inches (102 mm) longer than a regular Buick Roadmaster or Super four-door sedan. Buick added a two-door Riviera hardtop to the Super the following year, the Special in 1951, and the Century upon its return, after a 12-year absence, in 1954.įrom 1951 to 1953 the Riviera designation was given to the existing long-wheelbase versions of the four-door Buick Roadmaster and Super sedans. The Buick Roadmaster Riviera coupe (along with the Cadillac Coupe de Ville and Oldsmobile 98 Holiday coupe) constituted the first mass production use of this body style, which was to become popular over the next 30 years. ![]() It first entered the Buick line in 1949, as the designation for the new two-door pillarless hardtop, described in advertising as "stunningly smart". The name Riviera, Italian for coastline, was chosen to evoke the allure and affluence of the French Riviera. ![]() Origins The Riviera name 1949 Buick Roadmaster Riviera (one of the first hardtops) 1959 Buick Electra 225 Riviera ![]() The Riviera name was resurrected for two concept cars that were displayed at auto shows in 2007 and in 2013. A total of 1,127,261 Rivieras were produced. While the early models stayed close to their original form, eight subsequent generations varied substantially in size and styling. Unlike its subsequent GM E platform stablemates, the Oldsmobile Toronado and Cadillac Eldorado, the Riviera was initially a front engine/rear-wheel drive platform, switching to front-wheel drive starting with the 1979 model year. It was a ground-up design on a new GM E platform debuting for the 1963 model year and was also Buick's first unique Riviera model. The top offer at the time of writing is $5,000, but of course, there’s a chance it’ll go higher as we approach the last hours of the bidding wars.The Buick Riviera is a personal luxury car that was marketed by Buick from 1963 to 1999, with the exception of the 1994 model year.Īs General Motors' first entry into the personal luxury car market segment, the Riviera was highly praised by automotive journalists upon its high-profile debut. There’s no rust on this barn find, and this is clearly good news for someone planning a full restoration, especially given the car has been sitting for so long.Īs for the price, this is something we’ll find out in about 6 days when the auction comes to an end. The odometer indicates about 37,000 miles (59,500 km), and the seller says this is fully accurate. This Thunderbird is also unrestored, so everything you find inside and outside is exactly the way Ford wanted it to back in 1961 when the vehicle rolled off the assembly lines.Īnd last but not least, the mileage is impressively low as well, which kind of makes sense given the car has been sitting for a long time in a barn. This means both the engine and the transmission are still there, and while the car drives, it should still be towed because the radiator leaks. Then, it’s complete, as no parts seem to be missing. ![]() Of course, a visual inspection is definitely recommended to sort this out and determine what was the original color of the car. eBay seller shelbob originally said the black finish you see in the photos is fully original, though, on the other hand, they claim there are signs the Thunderbird actually left the factory in lavender. But the 1961 Ford Thunderbird convertible that we have here appears to be ticking pretty much all the boxes that you can have on a list for a restoration candidate.įirst of all, it’s fully original with one unclear exception: the paint. ![]()
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![]() ![]() Many of the biggest software players produce ETL tools, including IBM (IBM InfoSphere DataStage), Oracle (Oracle Warehouse Builder) and of course Microsoft with their SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) included in certain editions of Microsoft SQL Server 20. Load – The final ETL step involves loading the transformed data into the destination target, which might be a database or data warehouse. The data transformation may include various operations including but not limited to filtering, sorting, aggregating, joining data, cleaning data, generating calculated data based on existing values, validating data, etc. Transform – Once the data has been extracted and converted in the expected format, it’s time for the next step in the ETL process, which is transforming the data according to set of business rules. The data sources can be very diverse in type, format, volume, and reliability, so the data needs to be processed to be useful when brought. The sources are usually flat files or RDBMS, but almost any data storage can be used as a source for an ETL process. Extract, transform, and load (ETL) is the process data-driven organizations use to gather data from multiple sources and then bring it together to support discovery, reporting, analysis, and decision-making. Each of the source systems may store its data in completely different format from the rest. ![]() The ETL process has 3 main steps, which are Extract, Transform and Load.Įxtract – The first step in the ETL process is extracting the data from various sources. Handling all this business information efficiently is a great challenge and ETL plays an important role in solving this problem. For example business data might be stored on the file system in various formats (Word docs, PDF, spreadsheets, plain text, etc), or can be stored as email files, or can be kept in a various database servers like MS SQL Server, Oracle and MySQL for example. The need to use ETL arises from the fact that in modern computing business data resides in multiple locations and in many incompatible formats. ETL stands for Extract, Transform and Load, which is a process used to collect data from various sources, transform the data depending on business rules/needs and load the data into a destination database. ![]() ![]() ![]() Properly Stacking Text in a Dialogue Balloon #lettering #comics /hYofogkQTy They had to at least be “almost” as good as a paid commercial font.They had to be able to be used commercially (or at least partially).My goal for you with this post was three-fold. While I tend to stick with “paid for” Comicraft fonts you should play around with some of the free ones first to get a feel for comic lettering. By sheer numbers, this also means more free quality comic fonts have also surfaced. Since then thousands of free fonts can be found and downloaded online. There were only two or three worthy contenders. When I was first hunting for free comic fonts to test out in the early 2000’s the pickings were slim. While digital lettering today can still be a frustrating process it’s miles easier than in decades past. That is when you were talking about dropping in the lettering by hand with a technical pen or a #107 nib. Lettering your comic used to be a nerve-wracking experience. ![]() Hand Lettering Your Comic Was Sometimes Ulcer Inducing I wasn’t particularly great – but I was pretty good and lettered around 250 pages in total. It was a nice reprieve from writing, drawing, packaging, Myspacing and marketing our fledgling boutique comic publishing concern. I’d pour a glass of wine (I’m not a wine drinker incidentally), fire up InDesign and get to it. I used to letter all of the various comics that we created back in the mid-late 2000’s. Meaning it blends seamlessly with the art to make an amazing reading experience. 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If you’ve played soccer in real-life and go back to the days you have just picked up a soccer ball, the challenge of learning to move it around using the same appendages you use for mobility – your legs and feet – would flashback. The game’s natural difficulty mimics soccer’s actual trickiness to play. In that account, we’re leading into our topmost tip. Even so, there is nothing that patience, persistence, and practice can’t eventually conquer. The learning curve is steep, the skill requirement to achieve winning form is high, and the high amount of focus demanded in each match triple underscores the fact that it is not a casual game. We’re sticking to what we said in our Dream League Soccer 2021 Beginner’s Guide that the game is not something a new player is expected to pick up in one day. ![]() Now that you have an idea what’s in Dream League Soccer 2022 that is not in Dream League Soccer 2021, let’s jump unto the game guide proper. ![]() Apart from all the changes mentioned above, you’d feel the game’s energy soon as you pop the app open, thanks to the new soundtrack. ![]() ![]() ![]() Following this news, Pornhub's vice president publicly expressed interest in purchasing Tumblr, with a promise to reinstate the previous adult content policies. In May 2019, it was reported that Verizon was considering selling the site due to its continued struggles since the purchase (as it had done with another Yahoo property, Flickr, via its sale to SmugMug). In March 2019, SimilarWeb estimated Tumblr had lost 30% of its user traffic since December 2018, when the site had introduced a stricter content policy with heavier restrictions on adult content (which had been a notable draw to the service). The site, along with the rest of the Oath division (renamed Verizon Media Group in 2019), continued to struggle under Verizon. Jeff D'Onofrio, Tumblr's president and COO, took over leading the company. Karp announced in November 2017 that he would be leaving Tumblr by the end of the year. Verizon Communications acquired Yahoo in June 2017, and placed Yahoo and Tumblr under its Oath subsidiary. Advertising sales goals were not met and in 2016 Yahoo wrote down $712 million of Tumblr's value. David Karp remained CEO and the deal was finalized on June 20, 2013. Many of Tumblr's users were unhappy with the news, causing some to start a petition, achieving nearly 170,000 signatures. to acquire Tumblr for $1.1 billion in cash. On May 20, 2013, it was announced that Yahoo and Tumblr had reached an agreement for Yahoo! Inc. This launch came only two months after Tumblr announced it would be moving towards paid advertising on its site. ![]() In June 2012, Tumblr featured its first major brand advertising campaign in collaboration with Adidas, who launched an official soccer Tumblr blog and bought ad placements on the user dashboard. Arment left the company in September 2010 to work on Instapaper. Tumblr was launched in February 2007, and within two weeks had gained 75,000 users. As none had done so after a year of waiting, Karp and developer Marco Arment began working on their own platform. Karp had been interested in tumblelogs (short-form blogs, hence the name Tumblr) for some time and was waiting for one of the established blogging platforms to introduce their own tumblelogging platform. ![]() Tumblr (original logo shown) was founded by David Karp (left) and Marco Arment (right).ĭevelopment of Tumblr began in 2006 during a two-week gap between contracts at David Karp's software consulting company, Davidville. ![]() ![]() ![]() A calico can produce several colors on the kitty spectrum-there are no guarantees.Ĭalico is also not a breed-it’s just a pattern. This means you could not breed a calico cat with the hope of an all-calico litter. Rather than being bred for their particular coat pattern, the calico phenomenon is a spontaneous act of nature. But they have patches of bold color that can be orange, black, tan, grey, chocolate, cream, red, or brown. The calico has an exceptionally recognizable color palette. Or they can be very relaxed, gentle, and loving. A calico can share the attitude of a tortie-bold, independent, and mischievous. When it comes to the personality you can expect, this varies more than other patterns. These cats have been the epicenter of scientific studies, trying to figure out what spontaneous genes combine to create this gorgeous feline. The beautiful calico is a tri-colored cat that always, always, always sports white in the mix. Calico Cat Overview Image Credit: loicp90, Pixabay So, next time you spot a tortie on your path, you may have a spell of good fortune. Still, today, when some spot a stray tortie, they believe great things will follow. And you may be able to strike a small fortune since male torties are considered a hot commodity-like a four-leaf clover.Īre you superstitious? In Celtic folklore, the tortoiseshell pattern is also attributed to luck. ![]() That means you couldn’t use a male tortie in hopes of breeding them. Males are incredibly rare-and always sterile. Many torties have a “chimera-like” face, meaning two colors split nearly perfectly down the middle. They are instantly recognizable for their dark swirls and interesting patterns. Torties are two shades of color, essentially any color from black to cream, but no white. These creatures are independent-the epitome of a cat owning you rather than the reverse. These felines are known for their fiery, spicy attitudes, sporting a diva complex wherever they go-commonly referred to as “tortitude”. The tortie harbors a lot of personality under their unique coat. As you could guess, their name comes from their coat pattern, which looks quite similar to a tortoise’s shell. This is an introduction to the lovely, ever-sassy tortoiseshell-better known as “torties”. Tortoiseshell Cat Overview Image Credit: Mrdidg, Pixabay Personality: Gentle, sassy, sweet, affectionate, independent.Number of Colors: Three colors, always including white. ![]() ![]() You can improve this technique by the side practicing with spacebar counter games. TypeRacer is the best free massively multiplayer online competitive typing game. It is how speedily you can press the spacebar after each word. Test your typing skills today Play against real live people from all over the world. Though there is another most important thing that is included when you wish to improve your typing speed. To express your typing speed in CPM rather than WPM, you can multiply your score by five. In general, CPM is more accurate than WPM. Basically, it helps the employers to know whether the applicant will be able to deal with the various business requirements or not. CPM stands for characters per minute and measures the number of characters you can type, including the mistakes. It is very necessary to make use of the two fingers in an efficient manner to improve the typing skill of the person.Įven a number of employers are seen to test the typing speed of the person while hunting for the employees. It helps to test the typing speed with accuracy on the keyboards. Test and improve your typing speed with, a free online platform that offers typing games, competitions, practice and practice modes. So, are you aware of whether you are able to type fast or not? Is the accuracy in the typing work is fair or not? So, to check all this, it is necessary to take a particular typing test. Apparently, mastering in the typing has become quite necessary. Today people prefer to write and chat rather than calling or dialing anyone to the telephone. However, testing my internet speeds with an Ethernet cable helped me pinpoint the root cause of my slow connection. The results of this WPM keyboard test will give you both your typing speed and your typing. ![]() There is no doubt that the Internet has come up as a boon for the present generation. The first step to learn to type fast and increase your typing speed is to take a timed typing test Our 1-minute, 3-minute, and 5-minute timed typing speed tests are free and can be used by children or adults to check average words per minute (WPM). ![]() ![]() ![]() Offers 50+ text fonts and 15+ preset text styles that can be applied with one click.Has 300+ fully customizable photo grids & collage templates.Plus, its editing tools are powerful and easy to use, so you can personalize your designs in endless ways. It has over 300 customizable templates for grids and collages, along with a variety of text fonts, shapes, clipart images, and backgrounds. Gives you different export formats such as PNG, JPEG, PDF, and SVGįotoJet is a user-friendly collage creator that helps you design impressive collages without a hitch.Allows you to collaborate on collages with your team.Compatible across various devices including Android, Windows, iOS, and Mac.Offers other amazing tools, such as an AI writer, a social media scheduler, a video editor, and an AI image generator.Allows you to post your stunning montages directly on platforms like Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter.Gives you free access to stock photos and videos.Lets you use customizable stickers, effects, icons, and text.Provides advanced photo editing tools, including blend modes, photo masks, gradients, a magic resizer, and a background remover.Offers a vast collection of professionally designed templates.Offers a drag-and-drop layout for easier editing.Plus, you can choose from a variety of templates, effects, stock photos/videos, and fonts to personalize your creations and truly make them yours. ![]() This versatile AI collage maker offers a user-friendly interface, intuitive drag-and-drop functionality, and advanced editing tools so you can effortlessly customize your collages. With its comprehensive set of tools, Simplified has become a go-to app for design, marketing, and content creation.Īnd, when it comes to creating eye-catching AI photo collages with ease, Simplified never fails to get the job done! ![]() ![]() ![]() It suggests that simplicity and clarity are key elements in creating effective visual communications with strong visual hierarchy, use of spacing-or white space or negative space-and more. In UX design and UI design, the law of Pragnanz has a particularly special place. That fact is extremely helpful when users encounter a graphical user interface (GUI) for a product or service. This way of simplifying what we see lets us process information more easily and efficiently. As the human mind has a natural preference for order and organization over chaos, when presented with visual stimuli, we tend to simplify complex shapes and forms into more recognizable and understandable patterns. There may be varying interpretations of the law or principle of Pragnanz, but it’s generally understood as the law of Simplicity. Copyright terms and licence: CC BY 2.0 How to Interpret the Law of Pragnanz Simple shapes, arranged well, conjure powerful imagery.Īuthor/Copyright holder: Clint. As are the principle of uniform connectedness, principle of continuity, principle of closed region, and more. This is also true of the principle of similarity, principle of proximity, and principle of closure. So, the law of Pragnanz is a powerful truth in design, a vital frame of reference, a handy real-world “barometer” for aligning users’ expectations with your business goals, and a kind of tool that your design includes. What’s more, the mind’s lightning-fast perceptions of images mean that the Gestalt laws are timeless. And so is the point that an image is different from the sum of its parts. The effects of some lines or curves are central to this school of psychology. These fields include graphic design and product design, and involve great attention to detail for UX and UI designers.ĭespite these different definitions, the Gestalt school of thought proposes fundamental laws about how a person perceives objects, whatever the medium. That has led to different understandings and descriptions of the concept as it relates to various fields. However, the exact definition and interpretation of Prägnanz have evolved over time. In Wertheimer's 1923 paper on Gestalt theory, he discussed the idea of Prägnanz as a fundamental principle of human perception. The law of Prägnanz (with the umlaut, as spelled in German) is one of the centermost principles of Gestalt psychology. Wertheimer was one of the founders of 1920s’ Gestalt psychology, along with fellow psychologists Wolfgang Köhler and Kurt Koffka. The concept of Prägnanz was the brainchild of Max Wertheimer, a German psychologist. The law of Pragnanz here involves clever interplay between the figure and ground. For example, in the image below, the mind makes sense of the design to see black and white arms and hands in a figure-ground format where the background and foreground work together. Users don’t even have to think about what they’re doing or force the process. This is a quick and automatic process since the human mind dislikes chaos and strives for order. They do so by removing the excess detail from the shapes to make a single, unified whole. Whenever viewers-or users-see complex or highly intricate shapes in a design, their eyes simplify these. The law of Pragnanz is closely related to these categories and serves as a guiding principle for visual perception. Pragnanz is therefore a fundamental part of each product or service you produce.Īccording to Gestalt psychologists, our minds innately tend to perceive patterns using five main categories: proximity, similarity, continuity, closure, and connectedness. From your work on websites to mobile apps, the design elements you include need to “grab” users from the get-go. This is a crucial factor when you as a designer create products. The Gestalt principles of grouping describe how humans perceive visual elements and simplify complex images. It translates to “good figure” or “pithiness.” It also goes by the names “the law of good Gestalt” and “the law of simplicity.” It’s key among the Gestalt principles of grouping and a vital part of graphic design, visual design, user experience (UX) design and-particularly-user interface (UI) design. "Prägnanz" is a German word that spans the concepts of salience, conciseness, and orderliness. ![]() |
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